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Showing posts with label Malaysian folklore. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Malaysian folklore. Show all posts

Friday, November 27, 2020

Bright Landscapes by Daphne Lee - A Commentary

 



(This is a commentary and not a review because I'm analysing the stories as a writer as well as a reader.)

Bright Landscapes by Daphne Lee. This is a collection of short stories by the celebrated former columnist for The Star. Lee is widely regarded as an authority on Children's Literature in English in the region; however this collection is adult fiction. Although Lee has published two other books as an Editor, this is her first book as an author. This slim volume of 150 pages contain 10 dark tales, most of which were entertaining but a few not quite fleshed out. What she succeeded in doing was to create contemporary stories with  the hybrid/fusion of culture and folklore which is Malaysia. 

I've noticed that Malaysian writers who write stories set in Malaysia tend to stick to their own cultural milieu, i.e. Chinese Malaysian writers tend to write stories set within Chinese community and culture, Malay Malaysians write about characters in their own community, Indian Malaysian writers write stories based on Indian culture, with Sri Lankans narrowing this down even further and so forth. When characters of different races appear in the stories, they tend to be token representations. Well Lee has actually broken this mold - her contemporary stories feature characters from the diverse communities which make up our country who take on the cultural tropes from different cultural traditions to produce their own unique hybrid culture.

Common threads which run through these stories include children and family, marriage, births and deaths, and oddly enough tigers.

My favourites were: After The Funeral, All Was Still and On Jugra Hill. After The Funeral is a chilling tale of abuse and abandonment perpetuated by the patriarch of a traditional Chinese family, told from the point of view of the teenaged granddaughter. The supernatural entity, created by the grandfather, who 'gave away' a severely  handicapped child, is from Malay folklore. After the death of the grandfather, the creature is set lose and starts to haunt the family. The granddaughter searches for a way to put the creature ton rest and finds it in her own Chinese traditions. It should be noted that the story is so indirect and subtle, one has to connect the dots. But this is a matter of style.

All Was Still is an evocative and haunting tale, again featuring a female protagonist from a Chinese family (I think;) however the story draws on Malay folklore. It features at least three tiger spirits, and I felt grief and outrage at the acts of human cruelty which created them.  It is beautifully written and I love the descriptions of the little girl in the story. As with After The Funeral, one has to connect the dots to piece the narrative together; the story also has an ambiguous ending which nevertheless will leave you feeling bereft. 

On Jugra Hill is a hair-raising black comedy which has the potential to be developed into a lock door murder mystery. Fans of detective fiction will recognise the setting - a group of people stranded in a posh house in the middle of nowhere with a storm brewing in the horizon - although there is no dead body in this story. The characters have oddly familiar names of people in real life; I only wish they were more likeable. As for the plot, for some reason, I completely missed the clues the writer dropped and had a 'what just happened here?' jaw dropping moment! Still the story will carry you along on a wild ride and was hair raising fun!

The stories which didn't work for me were: Orang Minyak - can a woman be more lacking in agency and commonsense? I would have expected her maternal or survival instinct to kick in if only to save herself. Perhaps She is another story which I failed to understand, it seemed to be about a woman who abandoned her family and life in general, and had nightmares of being buried or being reborn by the earth. The third story called The Dead, was a woman who presumably died during childbirth and could not accept her fate; which was understandable enough. 

The stories which could have done with a bit of tweaking were: The Pontianak, Princess, and The Tiger Bridegroom. In Pontianak, the narrator tells her two dinner guests the story of her uncle who married a pontianak. One gathers that the uncle had an affair with a bar maid, who may have died in childbirth.  Two things bothered me about the story - one is the fact that the dinner guests, a gay couple, were so unlikeable but more importantly did not seem to serve any real purpose in the story. In settings like this, usually one or both guests knew something the narrator wanted to unearth, or trap them into admitting.  

The second thing which bothered me were the errors in folklore. In the story, the uncle trapped the pontianak with a needle and red thread, in the purple heart of a banana tree. In traditional folklore, the pontianak is associated with the sundal harum malam (possibly the champaca or the pala tree) and not the banana grove; it is the orang minyak who haunts the banana grove. Also, traditionally, the pontianak does not feed on the body parts of men, she looks for the placenta of the newborn and also the fresh blood spilled during childbirth. The story would have been a lot more suspenseful, with more 'showing' and less 'telling.' 

Princess is told in the style of a folktale crossed with a steamy romance novel. Although I was shocked at the fate which befell Nakhoda Ragam, my favourite character in all of Malay folklore, the story was intriguing and seemed to be another piece of the puzzle in the story of the legendary Princess of Mount Ledang. If you are interested in following the journey of the Princess, The Principal Girl has two tales relating to her: Girl on a Mountain by Preeta Samarasan and The Princess of Mount Ledang by Leela Chakrabarty. You can follow the trials and tribulation of Nakhoda Ragam in these three books of mine: Eight Treasures of the Dragon, Eight Fortunes of the Qilin and Eight Jewels of the Phoenix.

The Tiger Bridegroom is also told in the style of a folktale, and is quite an amusing and entertaining story. My only complaint is that the characters appeared to be caricatures, but that is a matter of personal preference. 

The last story, Endless Night, is a story I've read before. And it is still as powerful and evocative as ever, on rereading.   

Friday, November 15, 2019

Folktale Prompt: The Craving



Cover illustration by Tan Vay Fern, showing 
a Bobohizan called Dayang Sulong aka the 
Witch of Moon Lake.


I've been asked by Bijit Sinha to provide a prompt for a story, based on myth. Since I'm more familiar with folklore, I chose a story from Kadazan-Dusun folklore. This is the majority ethnic group from the state of Sabah, in Malaysian Borneo.



The Craving
By Tutu Dutta

A retelling of a dark folktale from Kadazan-Dusun folklore.

Tears pooled in her dark eyes. Her heart ached with the disappointment. Then she clenched her hands over the black fabric of her tapi and twisted the material, knuckles protruding against her tanned skin. How could he do that to her? He had no right!

The events of that afternoon played out in her mind.

He had summoned her to the family hall. As the chief, he was entitled to the largest and most ornate living quarter in the longhouse, a large, vacant space partitioned off from the rest of their quarters by woven wall tapestries. Her soft-spoken, doting, middle-aged widowed aunt, who had raised her in her late mother’s stead, was sitting beside him, face lowered.

The chief cleared his throat. “My daughter, we have wonderful news! We have received an offer for your hand in marriage and I have agreed to it. The young man in question is most suitable.”

Kinambura’s face lit up. Her full, soft lips curved into a smile. But she suppressed it; it was inappropriate to show too much happiness at a wedding proposal. She assumed modesty. “I’m happy if you and Aunt are happy with this proposal, father.”

“Indeed, we are! The young man concerned is well-mannered, wealthy and has blood ties with us, as well.” he said, a look of satisfaction on his face.

Surprised, Kinambara smiled wider. “I didn’t know that Montuk was related to us.”

“Montuk? Why do you mention his name?” A deep frown took over the pleased look on her father’s face. Her aunt looked up sharply and scrutinized Kinambura’s face.

Kinambura remained silent, her heart sinking while her father continued, “I’m referring to Tingoran, of course.”

Kinambura gasped, turning ashen. What possessed them to think that she would ever be interested in marrying Tingoran? While it was true that they had known each other since childhood, she regarded the other more as a brother than anything else. In fact, they were distantly related. She said, warily at first, “I thought it would be Montuk.” Then, she tilted her chin up. “I’m in love with him, Father.”

Her aunt entreated, “Kinambura, please be reasonable. Tingoran is the son of a wealthy chieftain and is known to be good natured and kind. Montuk is not a good match for you. He is known to be harsh man and there are rumours about him practicing dark magic.”

“Aunt, you can’t believe what people say! They are jealous of him! Montuk is a wonderful man. And he loves me!” Her dark eyes flashed, and her lips thinned with indignation. “You can’t force me to marry Tingoran! I will not spend the rest of my life with such a boring person!”

Her father dropped all semblance of patience and snapped, “Please return to your bed and calm down! You are not to leave the longhouse to see Montuk ever again. Do you understand, Kinambura?”

Before he could say more, she jumped to her feet, ran out of the room and climbed up the ladder that led to her bed, high above in the loft, just below the thatched roof of the longhouse. She pretended to fall asleep.

The afternoon warmed. When the sun set and enveloped the peaceful valley in a warm glow, her aunt brought her a plate of food: rice with chicken roasted with bamboo shoot. As the heat of the day gave way to cool evening air, she heard members of the longhouse gather in the long open space along the verandah to sing and tell each other tales and jokes. It was a convivial time enjoyed by all—except Kinambura.  

When their quarters were finally empty, she tossed aside her blanket. She climbed down the ladder to the main room below, and crept to the back door of the longhouse. Once her feet touched the bare earth, she ran through the tapioca and melon farm to the edge of the luxuriant bamboo grove behind the longhouse. As night descended, the air cooled and a slight breeze blew through the bamboo leaves. She waited impatiently. Then her  heart missed a beat. Montuk appeared a few feet away, looking more wickedly handsome than usual in the dim light. She ran to him and they embraced.

She laid her head on his shoulder, tears running down her cheeks. “They’ve arranged for me to marry Tingoran!”

“Who? What are you talking about?” He held her by the shoulders. His eyes bore into her.

“My father has arranged for me to marry Tingoran! He will be coming with his men in a few weeks’ time. They will be bringing the bridal gifts and we will be married on the same day!” Kinambura’s finely etched eyebrows drew together in anxiety. “What am I going to do?

“Tell me more about this. Exactly when are they expected to arrive and which route will Tingoran and his men be taking?” His rough voice surprised her.  

“I don’t know. I suppose if they start in the morning, they will arrive before sunset. I think my aunt and the maids are preparing to cook a feast for their arrival.”

“There are a few routes from the village of Tambunan to here. Which route are they most likely to take?”

She frowned, then laughed. “Of course Tingoran will probably take the route through the hill side. He always did hate to get his feet wet. He will have to wade through the stream in the route through the valley. Why?” She teased, “Are you planning to scare him away?”

“I will give him the scare of his life.”  He laughed, twisting his lips. She saw a strange expression as he said, “Tingoran will never ask you to marry him again!”

He pulled her to him and looked closely into her eyes. His dark eyes gleamed with resolve. “You are mine, Kinambura! You will always be mine, no one can take you away from me.”

Kinambura felt dizzy with excitement at being so close to him. What was it about him that set her heart racing? Was it the musky smell or the smooth handsome features which look like they had been carved out of wood and polished to perfection?

Kinambura sighed and pulled away from Montuk. The night was wearing on, and she had to sneak back into the longhouse. She could not risk being seen by anyone.

In the weeks that ensued, Kinambura willingly participated in her wedding preparations. She kept her face from showing her relief that this affair was not never going to come to fruition.

On the day of the wedding, her father and relatives waited expectantly, but Tingoran and the wedding party from Tambunan never showed up. Kinambura felt relieved but, at the same time, a strange sense of apprehension crept over her. Her father’s and Aunt’s increasing consternation as time passed almost made her regret ever scheming with Montuk.

It was dark when members of bride’s entourage who had been tasked to greet the groom appeared. Their shocked expression and pale faces told everyone it was going to be dreadful news. The leader said in a shaken voice, “They’re dead, they are all dead! We dare not even… their heads were hacked off… and Tingoran… his head is missing!”

Kinambura felt a wave of nausea. She blinked. Tingoran’s disembodied head materialized, inches from her face, blood oozing from its severed neck. The apparition looked at her with anguished, accusing eyes. She heard a piercing shriek. She realized, shocked, that it came from her own mouth. Her knees gave away and she collapsed onto the bamboo floor. When she woke up, she was resting on a mat on the floor, covered with a blanket.

Her aunt gazed at her anxiously, wiped her brow with a damp cloth and whispered, “Don’t take it too hard. We know you are devastated but these things happen. According to Montuk, it was a group of headhunters from across the mountains. There has been bad blood between them and the village of Tambunan for a long time.”

Kinambura turned her head. She didn’t want her aunt to see the look of anguish and fear in her eyes. It was Montuk, of course. She knew that with certainty. He had tricked her into giving him the information about the wedding entourage, and had lied to her. Tears sprang into her eyes. She had never meant any harm to come to Tingoran. She had not wanted to marry him, but had never wished this gruesome death upon him. She knew a missing head meant that his spirit would never be at peace, not without a Bobohizan to calm and tame his restless spirit. Montuk was just supposed to scare him away.

Weeks passed and Kinambura lived in seclusion. She only left the longhouse in the company of her aunt and a few of the other ladies. She was careful to avoid Montuk, who tried in vain to see her. She told her aunt that she was devastated by her fiancé’s death. Everyone had no doubt that she was unwell; she had grown thin and wan. Gone were her flashing eyes, uninhibited laughter, and most of all the vitality which had previously attracted so many admirers.

When she finally recovered, her father asked to see her again. “I cannot bear to see you suffering like this. Montuk has asked for your hand in marriage and I have agreed, in spite of my reservations. I remember that you expressed your love for him, some months ago.”

Her aunt nodded and smiled at Kinambura, but Kinambura felt all the blood drain from her face, and she thought that she would faint. How could she tell her father that she no longer wanted to marry a cold blooded murderer, without implicating herself? When she finally found her voice, she said, “Of course, father. If you really think this is for the best. Maybe this is what I deserve.” She tried her best but she could not stop her voice from wavering slightly. Her aunt look at her in surprise.

There was nothing she could do; they were married within weeks. On the wedding night, she had a hysterical fit and had to be taken to her father’s quarters again. During which time, Kinambura developed a strange, inexplicable craving which could not be assuaged by either food or drink.

Her aunt attended to her. “Only a few months ago, you wanted to marry Montuk more than anything in the world. So what has changed?”

Kinambura was silent for a long time. She could not face her aunt when she said, haltingly, “It was my fault… that Tingoran is dead. I told Montuk when the wedding party was coming.”

“What? But we all know that Tingoran was killed by headhunters from across the mountains.  It would be impossible for Montuk to kill seven men all by himself,” she said, disbelief in her eyes.

“I know it was Montuk. He asked me a lot of questions about Tingoran’s route to our village and the day he was expected to arrive. And I have no doubt he can kill seven men by himself. He once he told me that he could make himself invisible,”  Kinabura’s voice trailed off.

Her aunt looked disturbed but she tried to calm her niece down. “You are upsetting yourself for no reason, Kinambura. A few other people knew about Tingoran’s route.”  

“But they were all a part of the marriage party… and… and I know where Tingoran’s head is hidden.” Her voice dropped to a fearful whisper. “His spirit spoke to me and told me where Montuk had hidden his head.”

Her aunt turned pale and was too shocked to speak.

“I can’t return to him, and you can’t tell anyone what I told you, otherwise we will both die!”

Her aunt believed her. She told everyone that a strange wasting illness had gripped her niece and she had to be confined to her father’s quarters. This was quite true because Kinambura felt ill all the time, the insatiable craving only intensifying. Her father grew worried about her steadily deteriorating health. The chief told his sister-in-law, “I fear for my daughter’s life. Please save her because she is all I have.”

She nodded but decided not to tell him what Kinambura had confided to her about Montuk. Instead she said, “Kinambura craves the rare mushrooms which only grows on the other side of the mountain. Perhaps you could ask Montuk to collect some for her? I can make her a special dish which might cure her hunger.”

The chief instructed Montuk to gather those mushrooms as soon as possible. Early the next morning, after Montuk had set out on his errand, Kinambura and her aunt surreptitiously entered his quarters. Kinambura climbed up to the loft and located the rattan basket where he kept Tingoran’s head preserved in layers of dried leaves.  She carefully lowered it to her aunt, and the two of them quietly left the longhouse, unnoticed by anyone. With both women bearing the weight of the basket and its macabre contents, the two walked the entire day until they finally came to the Tambunan longhouse, the deceased’s family home. They were greeted by the chieftain and the Bobohizan of Tambunan. Kinambura sorrowfully handed them Tingoran’s head, and the old chieftain wept over his dead son.

The two women were given a room at the farthest end of the longhouse. Before everyone retired for the night, the Bobohizan walked around the longhouse and placed a protective spell over the place. Kinambura was exhausted and retreated into a recess in the room to rest for the night. She slept on a thick mat on the floor while her aunt took the loft. Before going to sleep, she lighted the hearth and placed a pot of water over it and added some rice to the pot. The night would get chilly and it would be nice to have food ready in the morning.

In the middle of the night, Kinambura was roused by a soft, scuttling sound. She opened her eyes and sat up soundlessly. There was a large rat on the floor, sniffing around unawares. Kinambura sank silently to the floor and crawled forwards on all fours, like a giant reptilian feline, her black eyes fixed on the rat. When the rat finally sensed her presence, it was riveted to the spot, unable to move in sheer terror. Kinambura caught the rat in her clawed fingers and ate it greedily, leaving behind only hair, nails and bones. Sated at last, the young woman then crawled backed to her bed and fell into a deep and dreamless sleep.

The next morning she was awakened by her aunt and the Bobohizan. Her aunt said, "It's late morning and we overslept! Did anything happen last night? I had a strange dream but I just could not wake up."

Kinambura shook her head, she could not remember anything. Her aunt went to prepare the morning meal and called out to the Bobohizan, "Look, elder sister! There are animal bones in the fireplace."

The Bobohizan walked towards her looking puzzled. She stretched out her hands; the aunt placed the bits of fur and bones in her hands. She gasped out loud and almost dropped the bones, her face had turned pale. The Bobohizan called out, “Kinambura come here! Did you eat anything, last night?"

She showed Kinambura the remains. Kinambura gasped and then blushed with embarrassment, "I was so hungry last night that I may have eaten something!"

The Bobohizan remained silent. She searched through the dust and carefully collecting every tiny bit of bone and fur that she could find, she heaved a sigh of relief when she found the tiny head. She said under her breath, "He turned himself into a tiny animal to bypass my spell and enter this bilik.”

The aunt said, "What? Who are you talking about? I don't see anyone here."

The Bobohizan replied grimly, “These bones in my hands, I think it is Montuk.”

The aunt gasped and Kinambura turned pale but she was not surprised; it was almost as if she knew this at the back of her mind. The memory of what happened last night came back to her. She felt sick and wanted to throw up; but her illness and nameless craving were gone. She said, "Yes, I think it's him. But I couldn't help it, he meant to harm me. Montuk is not a man; he is a shaman, an evil shaman." 

She also remembered what Montuk had told her on their wedding night. “You have no idea how much I wanted to marry you. It’s not just because of your beauty but you have magic in your veins. I sensed it the first time I met you. I just couldn’t let any other man marry you… ever. We belong together, I need you!”

Later that day, the three women buried the remains of the rat in a tiny grave beside that of Tingoran.

Tutu Dutta has a B. Sc from Universiti Putra Malaysia and an M.Phil from the University of Malaya. She is the author of nine books, ranging from the picture book, Phoenix Song, published by UK-based Lantana Publishing; to a collection of dark folktales, Nights of the Dark Moon, published by Singapore-based Marshall Cavendish Editions. She draws inspiration from Asian folklore, for her books.




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Thursday, November 14, 2019

Malaysia's National Flower - Bunga Raya or Bunga Tanjung?


Hibiscus elatus, the magnificent flower of the mahoe tree
Image result for bunga tanjung"
The tiny but fragrant Bunga Tanjung is native to Malaysia

The Magic Urn is available in Kinokuniya Kuala Lumpur and Singapore, and also from Gerakbudaya Bookstores in Petaling Jaya and Penang.You can also order the book from these linkshttps://www.amazon.in/Magic-Other-Timeless-Tales-Malaysia-ebook/dp/B01N97CEFM https://www.amazon.com/Magic-Urn-Other-Timeless-Malaysia/dp/9814771163:






😆 
#folklore #Malayfolklore

Wednesday, May 1, 2013

The Jugra Chronicles : Miyah and Rigih

Buy from  MPHOnline.com
According to Eric Forbes (Senior Editor, MPH Group Publishing. Eric is a bibliophile and has his own blog: goodbooksguide.blogspot.com ) there is a possibility that the second book in The Jugra Chronicles series might be published by mid-May i.e. before I leave for Singapore for the Asian Festival of Children's Content. The first book in the series, Miyah and the Forest Demon, was published in 2011. Illustrated by journalist/children's author Choong Kwee Kim, the folklore influenced YA book is set in 17th Century Borneo. The main protagonist is 12-year-old Miyah, from the Tapoh longhouse. For a write-up about the book, refer to Alan Wong's post:  bpbites.blogspot.com/2011/05/hantu-witch-and-sampan.html  Alan Wong wrote that it was 'styled according to CS Lewis' Narnia Chronicles' (gasp!) but the actual inspiration behind The Jugra Chronicles is Ruth Manley's Chronicles of Old Japan - The Plum Rain Scroll, The Dragon Stone and The Peony Lantern. Unfortunately, Manley passed away before her last book was published. It has always been a secret wish of mine to write the fourth book in the series (anyone from Hodder and Stoughton paying attention?)

Miyah and Suru go for a boat ride.
Illustration by Choong Kwee Kim.
So what is the Forest Demon? This creature from Bidayuh and Malay folklore - the infamous Hantu Rimba - grabs and 'swallows' the unwary who are unfortunate enough to cross its path. But what is the Hantu Rimba really like? What was its true nature? What did it sound like? The folklore tends to be quite sketchy about such matters - we only know about its ogre-like eating habits. But I had a more manipulative and subtle entity in mind.

Bubbles, Blossom and Buttercup are the adorable
Powerpuff  Girls!
Copyright owned by Cartoon Network etc

Well, believe it or not, I found my inspiration in Him, a demonic villain from the Powerpuff Girls!  Created by Craig McCraken, this animated TV series was shown over Cartoon Network. My daughter used to watch it as a child and of  course I had to watch it as well. The Powerpuff girls were created by their father, Professor Utonium, using a mixture of 'sugar, spice and everything nice'. But he accidentally spilled some mysterious Chemical X into the mixture and created three perfect girls with superpowers. The girls had a job too - they routinely saved Townsville, USA (incidentally, there is a real city called Townsville in Queensland, Australia) from a series of supervillains. The most formidable (and scary) of them all was, Him. He has no name because he is "so sinister, so evil, so scary, so horribly vile that his real name can never be said..." His gender is somewhat ambiguous as he wore a mini-dress with frills,
Even Mojo Jojo is scared of the vile and scary Him!
high-heeled boots (which could be concealing cloven hoofs) and spoke in a high-pitched falsetto. But it was his voice which was truly scary - a high chilling voice with echoes which turns to a sinister basso profondo when infuriated. To me, it sounded like many layers of voices speaking at the same time. This voice effect is used quite often now, in films of demonic possession. To cut to the chase, Him's voice helped me to 'visualise' the evil entity for my book.

So the Hantu Rimba of Bidayuh folklore acquired some of the attributes of Him. Of course, the true nature of the Hantu Rimba has to be uncovered in the second book, Rigih and the Witch of Moon Lake, otherwise it would be impossible to vanquish it (the devil is in the details).  The second book picks up the story three years after the first book. Miyah's cousin and friend, Rigih, is the main protagonist. He is aided in his quest to rescue Miyah by the mysterious Witch of Moon Lake. The Witch herself is based on the traditional Kadazan/Dusun shamanic healers known as Bobohizan (female) and Bobolian (male). These shamans have deep knowledge of herbal lore and are also the keepers of old tribal customs and traditions. They spend long hours in meditation to go into a trance where they are able to travel to the spirit world. In the past, they also played an important role during the planting and harvest season to invoke the rice spirit for a bountiful harvest. I believe, there are still some practicing Bobohizans and Bobolians in the state of Sabah. Oddly enough, in the southern islands of the Philippines, female shamans are known as Babaylians.

The cover illustration is by Tan Vay Fern.
The cover and the black and white illustrations on the inside are by Tan Vay Fern. She made the Witch/ Bobohizan more beautiful than I had imagined, but I'm not complaining! Her forceful personality comes through from the unwavering, direct gaze. Vay Fern used stylised traditional motifs from Sarawak and Sabah in her designs for chapter headings and also for the costumes of the characters.

A special lake plays a small but important role in the book (you can tell from the title). The Moon Lake is styled after Lake Lonar, located in the Buldhana district of Maharashtra, India. Both the science and the myth behind the lake is fascinating. Most of the blogs will tell you that Lake Lonar was created 60,000 years ago but a study in 2010 put the age of the lake at 650,000 years - plus or minus 80,000 years! Even the
Lake Lonar seen from space. Copyright NASA.
origin of the lake was misunderstood - less than a decade ago, it was thought to be a volcanic crater despite the total lack of evidence. We now know that the lake was created by a meteorite which struck the Deccan plateau and created an almost circular impact crater, with a circumference of 6 km. Lake Lonar is of intense scientific interest because it is the only impact crater on basaltic rock found on Earth. The extremely hard black basaltic rock is thought to mirror the geology of the moon or Mars! Lake Lonar is also much saltier than the sea and only extremophiles can live in its water. For more hard science, check out ferrebeekeeper.wordpress.com/2010/09/22/lake-lonar/


So what is the myth behind Lake Lonar? According to local folklore, a great underworld demon called Lonarasur (Lonar-Asura) would venture out at night and torment the people living in its surroundings. The people prayed to Vishnu (a Deva) for help. In answer to their prayers, Vishnu assumed the form of a beautiful young man called Daitya Sudana, who persuaded Lonarasur's twin sisters to reveal the location of the demon's lair. It turned out to be a subterranean cavern underneath a hill. Vishnu lifted up the hill and found the demon hiding in his circular lair. He tossed the hill away and it is said to have landed near the village of Datephal, 35 miles away from Lonar where there is a conical hill. Vishnu slew Lonarasur in his lair -  and his blood formed the salty water of the lake. The number of ruined temples along the shores of the lake indicate that people must have sensed the powerful magic emanating from the place.

Did I get my idea for Moon Lake from Lake Lonar? Not really. I've known about meteorite impact craters for a long time and had already made up my mind to incorporate one in my story. But the research into crater lakes uncovered Lake Lonar and gave me a sense of the place.

The Rigih book was supposed to have been published last year. In fact, all the illustrations and layout had been completed but Eric Forbes thought that it needed more editing. As I had already read the text for the umpteenth time (umpteenth meaning at least 12 times),  I allowed a couple of months to elapse to 'forget' the book and gain some distance and objectivity. Sometimes you need to forget what you have written to look at your own work with fresh eyes. When I reread it, I felt compelled to make quite a lot of changes. There were no major changes to the storyline or plot but the dialogues and characterisation  had to be revised. I felt some of the story sequence lacked continuity as well. In the end, some sentences were deleted and I may have added 5-6 more pages to the book; hopefully it made a difference. I didn't try to be literary or quirky, in fact this is probably the most severely edited book I have ever written. Of course it was not just more work for me; Eric and Alan Wong had to put in extra time; not to forget Ng Seng Chee, the DTP person who had to painstakingly make all the changes, word by word, and redo the layout as well!